The people living within a political or geographical boundary.

(by extension) The people with a given characteristic.

A count of the number of residents within a political or geographical boundary, or the number of living cells in a pattern in cellular automata.

(biology) A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.

(statistics) A group of units (persons, objects, or other items) enumerated in a census or from which a sample is drawn.

(computing) The act of filling initially empty items in a collection.